A unanimous vote to abandon the British Columbia Treaty Commission (BCTC) at last week’s Treaty Forum held on the Nak’azdli Reserve, near Fort St. James, has some members of the Carrier Sekani Tribal Council (CSTC) upset.

Burns Lake Band
A variety of the Babine dialect of the Babine-Witsuwit'en language, an Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit language.

Cheslatta

Lake Babine Nation
The native language here is a variety of the Babine dialect of the Babine-Witsuwit'en language, which is a member of the Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit language family. Its closest Linguistic relative is the dominant language of the Takla First Nation. Although Babine-Witsuwit'en has sometimes been referred to as "Northern Carrier", it is quite different from "Carrier" in the narrow sense, and Babine-Witsuwit'en is now generally regarded as a distinct language from Carrier. Speakers of one who are not familiar with the other have considerable difficulty understanding the other. In general, speakers of Carrier in the narrow sense are not suitable as legal interpreters for speakers of Babine-Witsuwit'en, and speakers of Babine-Witsuwit'en are not suitable as legal interpreters for speakers of Carrier in the narrow sense.

Nee-Tahi-Buhn

Skin-Tayi
The native language is a variety of the Witsuwit'en dialect of the Babine-Witsuwit'en language, which belongs to the Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit language family. Its closest relatives are the Witsuwit'en dialects spoken by members of the Nee-Tahi-Buhn, Wet'suwet'en First Nation, and Moricetown bands. After that, it is most closely related to the Babine dialects, spoken by members of the Lake Babine Nation and Takla First nation. Although Witsuwit'en, together with Babine, is sometimes referred to as "Northern Carrier", it is quite different from Carrier in the narrow sense, and Babine-Witsuwit'en is now generally regarded as a distinct language from Carrier. Speakers of one who are not familiar with the other have considerable difficulty understanding the other. In general, speakers of Carrier in the narrow sense are not suitable as legal interpreters for speakers of Babine-Witsuwit'en, and speakers of Babine-Witsuwit'en are not suitable as legal interpreters for speakers of Carrier in the narrow sense.

Wet'suwet'en First Nation
Formerly known as Broman Lake First Nation.

Ulkatcho First Nation
PO Box 3430
Anahim Lake, BC
VOL 1CO

Phone: (250) 742-3260/3234
Fax: (250) 742-3411
Official Website:

Band No:
Tribal Council: Carrier-Chilcotin Tribal Council
Reserve: 

Language Affiliation: The dominant language is a member of the Blackwater dialect group of the Carrier language, which is a member of the Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit language family. Its closest Linguistic relative is the Lhoosk'us (Kluskus) dialect of Carrier. However, many people can also speak Chilcotin, a mutually unintelligible Athabaskan language. The older elders also speak Nuxalk (Bella Coola), an unrelated Salishan language.

Famous Leaders:
Jimmy Stillas (1936-1990). Jimmy Stillas was highly regarded as Chief of the Ulkatcho band. In 1990, while out hunting, his snow machine went through the ice and he died. His hunting partner, elder Wilfred Cassam, took two days to walk out for help. The RCMP's delay in initiating a search after Chief Stillas was reported missing was one of the incidents that triggered the Cariboo Justice Inquiry.

Toosey First Nation
PO Box 80
Riske Creek, BC
VOL 1TO

Phone: (250) 659-5655
Fax: (250) 659-5601
Official Website:

Band No:
Tribal Council:
Reserve:

Language Affiliation: Chilcotin, (an Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit language)

Famous Leaders:

The Dakelh (IPA: [tákʰɛɬ]) or Carrier are the indigenous people of a large portion of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada.

Most Carrier call themselves Dakelh, meaning "people who travel by water". The term Carrier is a translation of the name for them used by the neighboring Sekani First Nations people (in reference to widows of the tribe carrying their cremated husbands' ashes, in knapsacks, for a three-year period), which Europeans learned first because they crossed Sekani territory before entering Carrier territory. However, some Carrier elders believe this interpretation was creative nonsense invented to silence endless questions about the Carrier name's meaning.

In earlier times,the Carrier went by the chosen name "dakelh" (shortened from "uda dakehl"), which translated as "people who travel by boat on water in the morning". Mispronounced by early settlers as "takully", "dakehl" is now generally used to refer to all native people who speak a dialect in this language group. And, today, from the northern Carrier comes the generic label "dene" meaning "the people".

The Dakelh (along with the Sekani, Babine, and Chilcotin) are part of the Athabascan language family.

Tribal Council: Carrier-Chilcotin Tribal Council
Tribal Alliance: Dakelh (Carrier)

Alternate Names: Lhoosk'us, Lhoosk'uz.

Williams Lake First Nation
PO Box 4
RR 3 Sugarcane
Williams Lake BC
V2G 1M3

Phone: (250)296-3507
Fax: (250)296-4750

Official Website:

Band No.
Tribal Council: Cariboo Tribal Council
Reserve:

Linguistic Affiliation: Salishan

Famous Leaders:

Soda Creek First Nation
RR4 Site 15 Comp 2
Williams Lake BC
V2G 4M8

Phone: (250)297-6323
Fax: (250)297-6300

Official Website:

Band No:
Tibal Council: Cariboo Tribal Council

Reserve:

Linguistic Affiliation: Salishan

Famous Leaders:

Canim Lake Band
Box 1030
100 Mile House, BC V0K 2E0

Phone: (250)397-2227
Fax: (250)397-2769
Official Website: http://www.canimlakeband.com/

Band No: 713
Tribal Council: Northern Shuswap Tribal Council Society
Tribal Alliance: Shuswap Nation

In Canada, Aboriginal Peoples and various Pre-Confederation and Post-Confederation governments have concluded 68 major treaties. These treaties cover most of Ontario, the Prairie Provinces; and parts of Vancouver Island, Northwest Territories, and Atlantic Canada. In Quebec, there were Treaties of Peace and Friendship; however, these treaties were usually not written down, and are therefore not included.

The Historical Indian Treaties Time Line shows in chronological order a selection of the major treaties, from the first Peace and Friendship Treaty in 1725 to the 1930 Adhesions to Treaty 9.