No.	Name	Location	Hectares
08250	CANOE CREEK 1	LILLOOET DISTRICT, IN TP 4, ON CANOE CREEK 5 MILES NORTH- EAST OF MOUTH ON THE FRASER RIVER	37.2
08251	CANOE CREEK 2	LILLOOET DISTRICT IN TPS. 3&4, ON CANOE CREEK 6 MILES EAST OF MOUTH ON THE FRASER RIVER	1804.9
08252	CANOE CREEK 3	LILLOOET DISTRICT ON LEFT BANK OF THE FRASER RIVER 4 MILES SOUTH OF MOUTH OF DOG CREEK	2804.9
08253	SPILMOUSE 4	LILLOOET DISTRICT, ON CANOE CREEK, 1 MILE NORTH OF CANOE CREEK I.R. NO. 2	161.8
08254	FISH LAKE 5	LILLOOET DISTRICT, ON NORTH SHORE AT WEST END OF CANOE LAKE HEAD OF CANOE CREEK	40.9
08255	TINMUSKET 5A	LILLOOET DISTRICT, LOT 5041, 7 MILES NORTHWEST OF THE 70 MILE HOUSE P.G.E. STATION	16.2
08256	COPPER JOHNNY MEADOW 8	LILLOOET DISTRICT, LOT 683, ON SMALL LAKE 1 MILE NORTH OF MEADOW LAKE, 16 MILES NORTHWEST OF 70 MILE HOUSE P.O.	32.4
08257	TOBY LAKE 6	LILLOOET DISTRICT, ON TOB Y LAKE, 3 MILES NORTH OF ALBERTA LAKE, 11 MILES NORTHWEST OF 70 MILE HOUSE	129.5
08258	DOG CREEK 1	LILLOOET DISTRICT , ON DOG CREEK, 4 MILES EAST OF CREEK MOUTH ON THE FRASER RIVER	144.7
08259	DOG CREEK 2	LILLOOET DISTRICT, ON DOG CREEK, 8 MILES EAST OF CREEK MOUTH ON THE FRASER RIVER	218.5
08260	DOG CREEK 3	LILLOOET DISTRICT, ON DOG CREEK 10 MILES EAST OF MOUTH ON THE FRASER RIVER	8.1
08261	DOG CREEK 4	LILLOOET DISTRICT, ON LEFT BANK OF THE FRASER RIVER, NORTH OF MOUTH OF DOG CREEK, SOUTH OF WYCOTT'S FLAT I.R. NO. 6	183.7

Residency	# of People
Registered Males On Own Reserve	151
Registered Females On Own Reserve	117
Registered Males On Other Reserves	26
Registered Females On Other Reserves	16
Registered Males On Own Crown Land	0
Registered Females On Own Crown Land	0
Registered Males On Other Band Crown Land	0
Registered Females On Other Band Crown Land	0
Registered Males On No Band Crown Land	0
Registered Females On No Band Crown Land	0
Registered Males Off Reserve	179
Registered Females Off Reserve	183
Total Registered Population	672

Fishing and hunting ceremonies, which included prayers and songs, were conducted to ensure a successful harvest and to ensure the continual and plentiful supply of food. Four days of sweat lodge ceremonies and fasting were conducted before hunting and fishing. The ceremonies included thorough cleansing of the body, mind, and spirit. Weapons were also cleansed thoroughly. Songs, dances, and prayers were conducted before and after the hunt. Before a hunter could kill a deer, he must sing the song to honor the animal and thank it for offering itself for food.

The men also performed the deer song and dance at various celebrations to show respect and thankfulness to the deer. The Secwpemc also conducted songs and dances for the bear, prairie chicken, owl, fawn, eagle, salmon, and all other animals important to them.

Songs and dances for spiritual and ceremonial purposes included: shaman, love, potlatch, sweatlodge, mourning, war, marriage, berry picking. Songs and dances were also conducted for entertainment and enjoyment. They held many of their ceremonial dances in winter.

Clans:

Clothing: Most clothing was produced from tanned animal hides of deer, elk, bear, mountain goat, bighorn sheep, marmot, rabbit and beaver. Traditional clothing consisted of shirts, breechcloths, and long leggings for men, and dresses and short leggings for women. Both men and women wore moccasins adorned with decoration, and caps and robes were added to provide additional warmth during the long cold winters.

Communities: Canoe Creek Band is made up of two communities, Dog Creek which is where the administration office is located and Canoe Creek.

Crafts: The Shuswap are known best for their moccasins. Moccasins were constructed according to a number of designs: cross-cut toe, rounded toe, pointed toe, or with a continuous seam around the foot attaching the upper piece to the sole. The design, like most clothing, is determined by climate and aesthetic appeal.

The Secwepemc people produce fine art work, often marking and decorating utilitarian items with geometric designs. Several fine examples exist of sculpted antler knife handles and steatite tobacco pipes with human and animal faces carved into the trumpet-shaped bowls and silver inlay enhancing the pipe stems.

Complex and symbolic designs have been inscribed into such finely crafted items as combs, needles and fishing tools, designs which are similar in many cases to the dramatic archaeological remains of pictographs found throughout traditional Shuswap territory.

Pictographs were painted onto rock faces with a red ochre pigment which was mixed with salmon eggs or animal fat, making it a bright and very durable paint. This same colouring can also be found on decorated clothing and moccasins, painted on bows and arrows, and rubbed into the incised marks on needles and other utilitarian or decorative objects.

Moccasins and other items of clothing are often beautifully embellished with porcupine or bird quills, native copper, dentalium shells, elk teeth, or animal bones.

With the arrival of non-native goods to Secwepemc territory early in the 19th century, the Shuswap introduced new materials into the manufacture and decoration of moccasins, such as colourful glass beads. The use of traditional and modern materials in the same piece is a hallmark of contemporary Secwepemc arts and crafts.

Creation Beliefs: The world was created by the Old One with the help of Coyote and other Transformers. Once the earth was created, the elements, plants and animals, birds and fish and water were introduced. The Old One then led the different tribes into their countries and disappeared back to the Spirit World, where it is said he still communicates with some people today.

Culture: There was no hierarchy or class divisions in Shuswap culture. Dvisions were based on age, gender and sex but did not imply classes. Food and other resources were distributed equally.

Elders:

Geograpical Location: This First Nation is located between 50 and 350 Km from the nearest service centre to which it has year-round road access. Both communities are located in a semi remote area southwest of Williams Lake on the east side of the Fraser River. Each of the main communities of Dog Creek and Canoe Creek are situated on approximately 50 hectares of land, most of it rocky slopes and gravel on the remaining portion.

Government: A Chief and 5 Councillors. They use the Act Electoral System. They are defined as Section 11 by the Indian Act.

Historical Houses:

Legends The exploits of Coyote (Seklep), who was sent to put the world in order, are found at the centre of most Shuswap myths and legends. The water monster, canibal giant, and little people are also frequently in their stories.

Pow Wows:

Sacred Places:

Subsistence: The Canoe Creek band are Northern Inland Salish people of the Shuswap Nation. Salmon is a staple of their diet, as well as other fish, birds, and land animals, roots and berries. They were semi-nomadic because the growing season is short this far north and the animals move about at certain times of year in relation to the weather.

The Secwepemc receive messages from the animals and birds who tell them when it is time to harvest and gather certain foods and medicines. The cricket will tell the Secwepemc when it is time to catch the salmon.


Treaties:

Tribal History: The Secwepemc, or Shuswap people, have lived in the high Plateau of South Central British Columbia for at least 4000 years, although one radiocarbon identification of an incomplete skeleton of a young man discovered at Gore Creek, near Kamloops, places the time of death some 8200 years ago.

Anthropologists believe the earliest occupants of the Plateau entered from the south sometime after the glacial retreat freed the land. Shuswap elders say their people have lived on this land forever.

Simon Fraser was probably the first non-native to extensively explore the northern and western parts of the Interior Plateau in 1808.

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